https://www.milsurps.com/images/impo...Japan121-1.jpg
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I would guess US advisor with Ruff Puffs except for the pineapple grenade.
Well something is happening up front as the back soldier has taken aim at something, mid field soldier may be pointing a target out!, whilst left foreground something may be going on Rt rear at @5:00 o'clock whilst the commander is signalling get low, looks very much like to me a mangrove swamp that would be very tough to have a stoush in, myself only having hiked through them frikkin' hard that was.
Not that I've ever been there, but why do I think it might be jungle warfare training in Panama?
I think you are correct M1 looks like a gas trap.
There are a few pictures of gas traps in panama
Thread: 13-175 Garand Picture of the Day - Panama - Gas Trap
https://www.milsurps.com/images/impo...21249408-1.jpg
I thought the M1 looked like a gas trap but I really can't tell...too small.
Gas trap attributes as I see them are the larger front end appearance of gas cylinder and the curved profile of the grip area.
The first thing that came to my mind when I saw the officer was Lt. Col. Henry Mucci.
Bob