During the time when I first hit Wainwright, they had 10 lbs of s... soldiers stuffed into a 5lb bag, so while waiting course loading a number of us lived in the old, black moldy H-huts. Those still had the plywood lockers with the single rack and short chain for bedside securement of the C1 you describe.
By my time, weapons were not permitted to reside outside the vault overnight unless in the field of course.
Every morning right after PT was weapons draw, and every night just before lights out was weapons return.
Circling back to bayonets for F10's notes, the bayonet was on individual issue to the soldier, issued at Company stores and held personally with the rest of his webbing (or FFO) until posting to another company.
Spares awaiting issue generally got the milk crate storage treatment.