"...Also there appears to be some Arabic script on the buttplate of the Lebel..."
I think that is a very scruffily applied number 6(???) 2 2 underlined.
Could you post a photo that shows the left half more clearly?
The 1886 on the receiver is the model date. The barrel markings are original, correct, and not "fiddled".
MA T 1888 N
Manufacture d'Armes. Tulle. Date of manufacture 1888. Modified for "Balle N".
ALL OK !