I offer two explanations but no data. First, if its a NOS part, it is possible that the white material is mold release for when the made the part. Generally, the mold releases are metal soaps that are not soluble on the alkaline side. Use vinegar and a squirt of hand dishwashing detergent and see if the.
The other possibility is that after 70 years the rubber matrix is breaking down. The rubber is naturally white and carbon black is added to give it color. Its all uniform at the start but over a looong time the natural rubber migrates to the surface. You cant do a lot with that.
Walter