Jim, was the .30-03 the first US true smokeless powder cartridge? I hadt even thought about it, yet I knew Portugal didnt have access to smokeless powder until...'97 was it!?!? I guess this makes sense since the previous US cartridge was the .30-40, right? .30 calibre - 40 grains of black powder? If all this is true is it is a "duhh" moment for me as it now seems pretty obvious!!!!