I'm probably going to sound like a noob here, but sounding like a noob is a lot better than making a mistake and firing the wrong ammo.
Is it really that simple? How accurate does the measurement have to be? Unless I had calipers or a micrometer, I don't think I could get a very accurate reading this way, and if I had calipers, I wouldn't need to mess around with sticking a bullet into the muzzle. There are a lot of cartridges that are just a tiny bit off on the diameter but are completely different rounds. Heck there are plenty that actually have the same diameter and are still completely different rounds. I always figured the bores widened a little with use too. Maybe this will work because lugers were only made in a few specific calibers? So if it comes out somewhere close to 7.62mm i can be fairly certain I've got a 30 luger? What are the other possibilities? Do you measure a bore from groove to groove, or land to land?