I've had several conversations about the effectiveness of the M1carbine with my Dad, who is a WW2 combat vet. He was a forward observer and, as he puts it, wasn't looking for combat, just information. As long as he didn't try shots past 100 yards, he was very satisfied with his carbine.
Often he would rapidly empty one or two full magazines in the right direction and then bug out. Being on the receiving end of that forced his adversary keep his head down and seek cover long enough for him to slip away.
When he was really close to trouble, two to the chest and one to the head solved the problem just fine.
It seemed to work 'cause he's still here to talk about it.